Nivoi engleskog jezika · nivo B2
Glagoli izveštavanja u engleskom (B2) — objašnjenje i vežbe
Kada prepričavamo šta je neko rekao, umesto said i told često je bolji glagol koji odmah pokazuje nameru govornika: suggested, advised, admitted, denied, refused, warned, promised, accused. Tako „Nisam ja uzeo novac!“ postaje She denied taking the money, a „Hajde da uzmemo taksi“ postaje Ana suggested taking a taxi.
Problem je što svaki od tih glagola ima svoj obrazac: jedni traže -ing, drugi to + infinitiv, treći osobu i infinitiv, a neki predlog. Na ovoj strani su obrasci grupisani na srpskom, sa tipičnim zamkama, a kviz proverava i izbor glagola i oblik koji ide posle njega.
Vežbaj glagole izveštavanja →Glagol + -ing i glagol + to + infinitiv
Posle deny, admit, suggest i recommend ide -ing: He denied breaking the window, She admitted eating the last piece of cake, Marko suggested going to the cinema. Za radnju pre poricanja moguće je i having + V3: Stefan denied having cheated in the exam. Posle refuse, agree, offer, promise, threaten, decide i claim ide to + infinitiv: Sara refused to give the money back, Ivan offered to carry my bag, Our neighbour threatened to call the police. Negacija stoji ispred: promised not to tell, suggested not telling. Pazi na parove sličnog značenja: deny (poreći) traži -ing, a refuse (odbiti) traži to + infinitiv.
Glagol + osoba + to + infinitiv
Advise, warn, remind, encourage, persuade, convince, urge, beg, ask i tell prave obrazac glagol + osoba + to + infinitiv: The doctor advised me to drink more water, Mum reminded me to lock the door, He persuaded me to join the club. Odrično: The electrician warned us not to touch the wire. Bez osobe advise ide sa against + -ing: Ivan advised against going out that night. Remind + osoba + that prenosi činjenicu: Dad reminded us that the shop closed at six. Explain ne spada u ovu grupu: kaže se The manager explained to us why the meeting had been cancelled, nikad explained us.
Glagoli sa predlogom: accuse of, blame for, insist on
Treća grupa traži predlog, a posle predloga glagol uvek dobija -ing. Accuse + osoba + of: Petra accused Nikola of stealing her bike. Blame + osoba + for: She blamed me for missing the train. Apologise (to someone) for: Lena apologised for being late. Thank + osoba + for i congratulate + osoba + on: They congratulated me on passing my driving test. Insist on: Dragan insisted on paying for dinner. Warn + osoba + against: Grandma warned us against swimming straight after eating. Complain to + osoba + about: The customer complained to the manager about the slow service. Najčešće zamene su accuse for umesto accuse of i insist to pay umesto insist on paying.
Suggest: najčešća zamka
Suggest ne prima infinitiv ni osobu ispred infinitiva. Mogući su samo -ing i that + rečenica: She suggested visiting the old town, She suggested that I visit the old town ili She suggested that I should visit the old town. Posle that ide osnovni oblik glagola i u trećem licu: Tom suggested that Mila see a lawyer. Odrični oblik je not + -ing: Mira suggested not telling anyone yet. Rečenice She suggested me to visit i Ana suggested to take a taxi su netačne, iako zvuče prirodno zbog srpskog „predložila mi je da…“. Isto važi za recommend: My teacher recommended reading the book in English.
Primeri
Ana suggested taking a taxi.
Ana je predložila da uzmemo taksi.
Teodora admitted that she had been wrong.
Teodora je priznala da je pogrešila.
The guide warned us not to leave our bags unattended.
Vodič nas je upozorio da ne ostavljamo torbe bez nadzora.
She accused her brother of reading her diary.
Optužila je brata da joj je čitao dnevnik.
Lea promised not to tell anyone my secret.
Lea je obećala da nikome neće reći moju tajnu.
The manager explained to us why the meeting had been cancelled.
Menadžer nam je objasnio zašto je sastanak otkazan.
Najčešće greške
- • Suggest sa infinitivom: She suggested me to visit the old town → She suggested visiting the old town / She suggested that I visit the old town.
- • Deny sa infinitivom: He denied to break the window → He denied breaking the window.
- • Pogrešan predlog: She accused me for lying → She accused me of lying.
- • Insist bez on: He insisted to pay the bill → He insisted on paying the bill.
- • Explain bez to: He explained me the rules → He explained the rules to me.
Zašto vežbati glagole izveštavanja na Spremku
Glagoli izveštavanja se ne uče samo iz liste, već kroz prepričavanje stvarnih rečenica: „Shall I open the window?“ postaje She offered to open the window. Svako pitanje ima objašnjenje na srpskom, sa razlikama kao što su deny i refuse ili accuse i blame. Zadaci su prilagođeni nivou B2, besplatni i bez registracije.
Česta pitanja
Koja je razlika između deny i refuse?
Deny znači poreći da si nešto uradio i traži -ing: He denied taking the money. Refuse znači odbiti da nešto uradiš i traži to + infinitiv: The client refused to sign the contract.
Kako se pravilno koristi suggest?
Sa -ing (She suggested going) ili sa that + subjekat + osnovni glagol, uz moguće should: She suggested that I (should) visit the old town. Obrasci suggest to do i suggest someone to do nisu ispravni.
Kada posle glagola izveštavanja ide predlog?
Kod accuse of, blame for, apologise for, thank for, congratulate on, insist on i warn against. Posle predloga glagol uvek ima oblik -ing: They congratulated me on passing my driving test.